Shade grown coffee is where the coffee trees are cultivated under the shade of larger trees, which creates a natural habitat for native insects and animals within the ecosystem. This offers a climate that is temperate to promote the growth of the shade grown coffee trees, and all of the leaves from the larger shade trees that fall to the ground work to fertilize the soil. Many times, these coffee farmers will also use composted coffee pulp as opposed to harmful chemical fertilizers, making it even better for the environment. Within this system, shade grown coffee crops will normally be rotated among other crops, which will create an additional income for the coffee farmer.
Sun grown coffee is another alternative to increase the yield of the average coffee crop. Sun cultivation is not a preferred method that is friendly to the environment because trees must be cut down, and it also uses pesticides and chemical fertilizers. This creates a number of environmental issues, such as pollution, destruction of ecosystems, deforestation, and soil degradation. However, up to 40% of the plantations in Latin America have begun to use sun farming techniques, which may soon replace the shade grown style of coffee cultivation. This will cause a negative impact on the environment, with detrimental effects from this coffee growing practice that include the use of pesticides, fertilizers, and harmful chemicals to help the coffee beans thrive under the harsh rays of the sun.
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